Where is the hypothesis in an article

Abstracts are often written by the author or authors of the article. The abstract provides a concise summary of the research, including its purpose, significant results, and implications of the results.

Reading the abstract can be a good way to determine whether the article is suitable for your needs. The abstract appears on the first page of the journal article, and may or may not be labeled. As a general rule, you only will find abstracts on papers of five or more pages in length. The first few paragraphs of a journal article serve to introduce the topic, to provide the author's hypothesis or thesis, and to indicate why the research was done. A thesis or hypothesis is not always clearly labled; you may need to read through the introductory paragraphs to determine what the authors are proposing.

A literature review describes previous research or discussion that has been published on the topic. This review of the literature can provide a good overview of the topic and will outline what other researchers have found.

The passage below shows references to the work of other researchers throughout the text, with their names and the year their research was published in parenthetical citations. This section of the article describes the procedures, or methods, that were used to carry out the research study. The methodology the authors follow will vary according to the discipline, or field of study, the research relates to. Types of methodology include case studies, scientific experiments, field studies, focus groups, and surveys.

This section gives all of the data that was collected as a result of the research. Typically, results are reported in statistical terms, often in the form of tables, charts, and graphs. This section gives discussion, conclusions, or implications, of the research. Here, the authors summarize what the results of the research might mean to the field, how the research addresses the original hypothesis, weaknesses of the study, and recommendations for future research about the topic.

The list of references, or works cited, provides publication information for all of the materials the authors used in the article. The references list can be a good way to identify additional sources of information on the topic.

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If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Finding Information. Anatomy of a Scholarly Article Capella University. How to Read a Scholarly Article The information on this page covers the following topics: Identifying a scholarly article - so you can be sure you are using a scholarly article.

A short video on how to read a scholarly article. Reading an abstract - so you can determine whether the article is suitable for your research.

Identifying the Hypothesis or Thesis in an article to determine the author's purpose. Identifying a Scholarly Article In order to read scholarly materials accurately, you first need to be able to identify them. Multiple Methods aka Triangulation. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Library Reopening Dashboard Get the latest information on the status of library services and space.

Ask a Question. UC Merced Library. Tuesday, July 27, Article Citation: Berger, Joseph B. Accessed 15 Jan Healthwise Knowledgebase. US Pharmacopeia, Rockville. Accessed 21 Sept Title of supplementary material. Accessed 22 Feb Doe, J: Title of preprint. Accessed 25 Dec Accessed 12 Nov Genome data from sweet and grain sorghum Sorghum bicolor. GigaScience Database. See General formatting guidelines for information on how to format figures, tables and additional files. Submit manuscript.

Speed days to first decision for reviewed manuscripts only 72 days to first decision for all manuscripts days from submission to acceptance 17 days from acceptance to publication Citation Impact 1.

Skip to main content. Search all BMC articles Search. Submission Guidelines Aims and scope Fees and funding Language editing services Copyright Preparing your manuscript Research Book review Commentary Hypothesis Letter to the Editor Review Short report Prepare supporting information Conditions of publication Editorial policies Peer-review policy Manuscript transfers Promoting your publication Hypothesis Criteria Hypotheses should present an untested original hypothesis backed up solely by a survey of previously published results.

Preparing your manuscript The information below details the section headings that you should include in your manuscript and what information should be within each section. Title page The title page should: present a title that includes, if appropriate, the study design e. Keywords Three to ten keywords representing the main content of the article.

Main text This should contain the body of the article, and may also be broken into subsections with short, informative headings. List of abbreviations If abbreviations are used in the text they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations should be provided. Declarations All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading 'Declarations': Ethics approval and consent to participate Consent for publication Availability of data and materials Competing interests Funding Authors' contributions Acknowledgements Authors' information optional Please see below for details on the information to be included in these sections.

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. The data that support the findings of this study are available from [third party name] but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available.

Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of [third party name]. Not applicable. If your manuscript does not contain any data, please state 'Not applicable' in this section. Competing interests All financial and non-financial competing interests must be declared in this section.

Please use the authors initials to refer to each authors' competing interests in this section. Funding All sources of funding for the research reported should be declared. Authors' contributions The individual contributions of authors to the manuscript should be specified in this section. If you do not have anyone to acknowledge, please write "Not applicable" in this section.

Authors' information This section is optional. Footnotes Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list.

Always use footnotes instead of endnotes. References Examples of the Vancouver reference style are shown below. See our editorial policies for author guidance on good citation practice Web links and URLs: All web links and URLs, including links to the authors' own websites, should be given a reference number and included in the reference list rather than within the text of the manuscript.

Example reference style: Article within a journal Smith JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci. Complete book, authored Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P.